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A group of blood vessels known as the pampiniform plexus provide drainage from the
testicles. When they fail to drain efficiently, they can become swollen, forming
the equivalent of varicose veins in the scrotum. Varicoceles are not uncommon in
the general population (about 15% of men have varicoceles), but they are especially
common (40%) in men presenting with fertility problems. Varicoceles range in size
from I (smallest) to III (largest).
It is hypothesized that the swollen veins of a varicocele can increase the temperature
of the scrotum, leading to a decrease in sperm production. While the actual pathophysiologic
mechanism is unknown, 40-70% of men undergoing a varicocele repair show an increase
in sperm quality, and 40% are able to initiate pregnancy.
Surgical reparation of the vein involves making a small incision in over the scrotum.
From here, using a microscope, your surgeon will locate the vein leading to the
varicocele and cut off the flow of blood. The incision will be closed with a few
small sutures.
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